Aravalli district was carved out of Sabarkantha in 2013, and its headquarters is Modasa. Its talukas are Modasa, Bhiloda, Malpur, Meghraj, Dhansura, Bayad, Shamlaji and Sathamba. Sabarkantha lies to the north-west and north, Gandhinagar and Kheda to the south, Mahisagar to the south-east, and the hills of Rajasthan stand on the other side of the eastern border. The Mazum and Watrak rivers cross the district, and the Meshwo flows past Shamlaji. Roads here switch between flat farm belts and winding stretches near the hills, and the Ahmedabad to Udaipur highway, NH 48, runs close to Shamlaji and carries a steady line of trucks, buses and cars through the area.
Modasa is the main trading town and is known as a centre for farm produce, with colleges and hospitals that draw people from many villages. Industrial areas exist at Modasa, Bhiloda, Malpur and Dhansura, though factories are small, and a solar power plant stands at Kharoda near Modasa. Groundnut, castor, cotton, wheat and millet come to market yards from the surrounding villages. In the hill talukas of Bhiloda, Meghraj and Malpur, stone and clay are quarried and forest produce such as bamboo and mahua is collected, and these loads need tippers and trucks that travel on narrow roads with little help nearby.
Shamlaji is the temple town that most visitors know. A Vishnu shrine stands on the bank of the Meshwo river in a wooded valley, and a large fair is held there on Kartik Purnima, when many pilgrims arrive in buses, jeeps and tractors. Traders sell silver ornaments and clothes at the fair, and tent and sound-system hirers set up on the grounds. A district like this has many items that belong to one person and work under the hands of another: a trolley lent to a neighbour, a JCB hired for a week, a tent set sent out for the fair. A magnetic tracker lets the owner see where the item stands, without a long phone call.