Mahisagar was formed on 15 August 2013, and it has six talukas: Lunawada, Balasinor, Kadana, Khanpur, Santrampur and Virpur. Lunawada is the district headquarters, and it is the only district headquarters in Gujarat without a railway, because the narrow gauge line from Godhra closed in 2002. Panchmahal, Kheda and Dahod are the neighbouring districts, and the Rajasthan border lies on the other side. The Mahi river runs through the district, and the Kadana dam on it is the most prominent water structure, used for power, irrigation and storing water. Virpur sits across the river from Lunawada, and Santrampur lies in the hills beside the Suki river.
With no railhead, roads carry the whole economy. Balasinor is on a national highway and a state highway, and from there the traffic goes toward Kheda and Ahmedabad. Lunawada looks toward Godhra, whose railway junction is the nearest rail point. Dam works, river banks and road projects need sand, aggregate and cement in tipper loads, and the dam area also draws visitors. Raiyoli near Balasinor has a dinosaur fossil park, where dinosaur bones and eggs were first found in 1981, and tour cars and buses bring visitors there. Kaleshwari near Lunawada has stepwells and a Shiva temple.
Markets add their own pattern. Santrampur holds an open-air haat bazaar every Tuesday, when farm pickups and small trucks come in from the villages and leave in the evening. The talukas also supply dairy collection vans, farm goods and wholesale stock for shops. Hill and forest stretches toward Santrampur and Khanpur mean that a driver can be out of mobile reach for an hour or more. In a district with so many small hired vehicles, the owners want a record of the day that does not rely on the driver's word. A battery tracker that sticks on by magnet gives that record without any workshop.